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Federal land is concentrated in the Western United States. Nationwide, the federal government owns 27.4% of all land area. There are significant variations regionally; the federal government owns 61.3% of the land area in Alaska, 46.4% of the land area in the 11 contiguous Western states; and 4.2% of the land area of other states.
In the United States, governmental entities at all levels- including townships, cities, counties, states, and the federal government- all manage land which are referred to as either public lands or the public domain. The federal government owns 640 million acres, about 28% of the 2.27 billion acres of land in the United States.
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This map was obtained from an edition of the National Atlas of the United States. Like almost all works of the U.S. federal government, works from the National Atlas are in the public domain in the United States. Online access: NationalAtlas.gov | 1970 print edition: Library of Congress, Perry-Castañeda Library
Most of the tribal land base in the United States was set aside by the federal government as Native American Reservations. In California , about half of its reservations are called rancherías . In New Mexico , most reservations are called Pueblos .
Map of territorial growth, 1775 Northwest territory Monument referencing the beginning point of the PLSS. Originally proposed by Thomas Jefferson to create a nation of "yeoman farmers", [1] the PLSS began shortly after the American Revolutionary War, when the federal government became responsible for large areas of land west of the original thirteen states.
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is an agency within the United States Department of the Interior responsible for administering U.S. federal lands. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., the BLM oversees more than 247.3 million acres (1,001,000 km 2) of land, or one-eighth of the United States's total landmass. [3]
In 1812, Congress established the United States General Land Office as part of the Department of the Treasury to oversee the disposition of these federal lands. [32] By the early 1800s, promised bounty land claims were finally fulfilled. [35] In the 19th century, other bounty land and homestead laws were enacted to dispose of federal land.