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The pitch bearing, also named blade bearing, is a component of modern wind turbines which connect the rotor hub and the rotor blade. [1] The bearing allows the required oscillation to control the loads and power of the wind turbine. The pitch system brings the blade to the desired position by adapting the aerodynamic angle of attack. [2]
An example of a wind turbine, this 3 bladed turbine is the classic design of modern wind turbines Wind turbine components : 1-Foundation, 2-Connection to the electric grid, 3-Tower, 4-Access ladder, 5-Wind orientation control (Yaw control), 6-Nacelle, 7-Generator, 8-Anemometer, 9-Electric or Mechanical Brake, 10-Gearbox, 11-Rotor blade, 12-Blade pitch control, 13-Rotor hub
Blade pitch control is a feature of nearly all large modern horizontal-axis wind turbines.It is used to adjust the rotation speed and the generated power. While operating, a wind turbine's control system adjusts the blade pitch to keep the rotor speed within operating limits as the wind speed changes.
The active yaw systems are equipped with some sort of torque producing device able to rotate the nacelle of the wind turbine against the stationary tower based on automatic signals from wind direction sensors or manual actuation (control system override).
Wind-turbine blades in laydown yard awaiting installation. The primary application of wind turbines is to generate energy using the wind. Hence, the aerodynamics is a very important aspect of wind turbines. Like most machines, wind turbines come in many different types, all of them based on different energy extraction concepts.
The power coefficient, , expresses what fraction of the power in the wind is being extracted by the wind turbine. It is generally assumed to be a function of both tip-speed ratio and pitch angle. Below is a plot of the variation of the power coefficient with variations in the tip-speed ratio when the pitch is held constant:
Schematic representation of the main wind turbine components. The yaw system is located between the wind turbine nacelle and tower.. The yaw bearing is the most crucial and cost intensive component of a yaw system found on modern horizontal axis wind turbines.
Early small-scale wind turbines were relatively simple and typically fitted with minimal instrumentation required to control the turbine. There was little design focus on ensuring long-term operation for the relatively infantile technology. The main faults resulting in turbine downtime are typically drive train or pitch system related. [4] Wind ...