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Education is a major social determinant of health, with educational attainment related to improved health outcomes, due to its effect on income, employment, and living conditions. [56] [57] [58] [1] Social resources, such as education, determine life expectancy and infant mortality, which measures health. [59]
Along with the socioeconomic factor of health disparities, race is another key factor. The United States historically had large disparities in health and access to adequate healthcare between races, and current evidence supports the notion that these racially centered disparities continue to exist and are a significant social health issue.
[25] [26] [27] These cognitive disparities often are reduced or eliminated when factoring various social determinants of health such as stress, education quality, economic stability, or quality of healthcare. [25] [26] [27] Black Americans also have higher rates of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias than non-Hispanic Whites. [28]
The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines social determinants of health as "life-enhancing resources. In the realm of public health, the concept of social determinants of health (SDOH) has emerged as a crucial framework for comprehending the myriad factors that influence an individual’s well-being.
Unnatural Causes: Is Inequality Making Us Sick? is a four-hour documentary series, broadcast nationally in the United States on PBS in spring 2008, [1] that examines the role of social determinants of health in creating health inequalities/health disparities (which the film considers health inequities) in the US.
Interventions in population health "shift the distribution of health risk by addressing the underlying social, economic and environmental conditions" [7] and are implemented through "programs or policies designed and developed in the health sector, but they are more likely to be in sectors elsewhere, such as education, housing or employment". [7]
These are "health outcomes, patterns of health determinants, and policies and interventions". [1] A priority considered important in achieving the aim of population health is to reduce health inequities or disparities among different population groups due to, among other factors, the social determinants of health (SDOH).
Social Determinants of Health: Investigation of how factors like income, education, employment, race, gender, housing, and social support impact health outcomes. Health Equity and Disparities : Studying the disparities in health outcomes among different groups based on racial, economic, gender, or other sociodemographic factors and creating ...