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Side effects of chronic cocaine use Although it has been commonly asserted, the available evidence does not show that chronic use of cocaine is associated with broad cognitive deficits. [ 77 ] Research is inconclusive on age-related loss of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) sites, suggesting cocaine has neuroprotective or neurodegenerative ...
Recreational drug use is the use of one or more psychoactive drugs to induce an altered state of consciousness, either for pleasure or for some other casual purpose or pastime. [1] When a psychoactive drug enters the user's body, it induces an intoxicating effect . [ 1 ]
For example, the consumption of seven illicit drugs (amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy, legal highs, LSD, and magic mushrooms) is correlated and the Pearson correlation coefficient r>0.4 in every pair of them; consumption of cannabis is strongly correlated (r>0.5) with the usage of nicotine (tobacco), heroin is correlated with cocaine (r ...
Neurocognitive enhancing effects of stimulants, specifically modafinil, amphetamine and methylphenidate have been reported in healthy adolescents by some studies, [10] and is a commonly cited reason among illicit drug users for use, particularly among college students in the context of studying. [10]
While dependence refers to the use of amphetamine 'accompanied by evidence of tolerance, withdrawal, or compulsive behaviour". [21] Abuse of ATS is a threat to global public health. The United Nations World Drug Report states that about 0.3–1.3% of the global population has ATS abuse problems, where methamphetamine accounts for 71% of global ...
The adverse side effects of amphetamine are many and varied, and the amount of amphetamine used is the primary factor in determining the likelihood and severity of adverse effects. [ 29 ] [ 41 ] Amphetamine products such as Adderall , Dexedrine, and their generic equivalents are currently approved by the U.S. FDA for long-term therapeutic use.
From a U.S. legal perspective, narcotics refer to opium, opium derivatives, and their semi-synthetic substitutes, [21] though in U.S. law, due to its numbing properties, cocaine is also considered a narcotic. The definition encompassing "any illegal drug" was first recorded in 1926. Its first use as an adjective is first attested to c. 1600. [22]
When substituted amphetamines are used, drug tolerance develops rapidly. [8] Amphetamine dependence has shown to have the highest remission rate compared to cannabis, cocaine, and opioids. [9] Severe withdrawal associated with dependence from recreational substituted amphetamine use can be difficult for a user to cope with. [10] [11] [12] Long ...