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India experienced deindustrialisation and cessation of various craft industries under British rule, [12] which along with fast economic and population growth in the Western world, resulted in India's share of the world economy declining from 24.4% in 1700 to 4.2% in 1950, [13] and its share of global industrial output declining from 25% in 1750 ...
By the 19th century, the British empire had replaced the Indian economy as the world's largest textile manufacturer. From 1858, the Indian economy was controlled directly under British imperial rule, also known as the British Raj. India continued to be occupied by the British until India gained independence in 1947.
India's national debt ballooned under British rule, and half of India's revenue was being siphoned to foreign countries, primarily England. Indian taxes were also used to fund the British Army and its expeditions globally, with 64% of total revenue funding British Indian troops outside of India in 1922. [6]
Maddison's estimates of global GDP, [6] China and India being the most powerful until the 18th century. Bengal Subah was valued 50% of Mughal India's GDP.. 1500–1600 Indian subcontinent, mostly under the Mughal Empire (after the conquest of the Delhi Sultanate and Bengal Sultanate) became economically 10 times more powerful than the contemporary Kingdom of France, [7] contained an estimated ...
Under British rule, India's share of the world economy declined from 24.4% in 1700 down to 4.2% in 1950. India's GDP (PPP) per capita was stagnant during the Mughal Empire and began to decline prior to the onset of British rule. [144] India's share of global industrial output declined from 25% in 1750 down to 2% in 1900. [126]
A map of British India in 1909. The Great Depression in India was a period of economic depression in the Indian subcontinent, then under British colonial rule.Beginning in 1929 in the United States, the Great Depression soon began to spread to countries around the globe.
Nearly 70% of India's GDP is driven by domestic consumption; [79] country remains the world's fourth-largest consumer market. [80] Aside private consumption, India's GDP is also fueled by government spending, investments, and exports. [81] In 2022, India was the world's 10th-largest importer and the 8th-largest exporter. [82]
While criticising the opposition, he argued that British colonial rule damaged the Indian economy. Tharoor began his speech by arguing that the economic progress of Britain from the 18th-century onwards was financed by the economic exploitation and de-industrialisation of British India.