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  2. Coin flipping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coin_flipping

    Tossing a coin. Coin flipping, coin tossing, or heads or tails is the practice of throwing a coin in the air and checking which side is showing when it lands, in order to randomly choose between two alternatives. It is a form of sortition which inherently has two possible outcomes. The party who calls the side that is facing up when the coin ...

  3. Coin-matching game - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coin-matching_game

    The first con artist strikes up a conversation with the victim, usually while waiting somewhere. The con artist suggests playing a game of matching pennies (or other coins) to pass the time, a simple game where players reveal coins as heads or tails and the winner is determined by whether the faces match or differ. The second con artist arrives ...

  4. Two-up - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-up

    In some games, coins are placed tails (white cross) up. In casino games the coins are placed with opposing (one head, one tail) sides up. Toss the Kip The Spinner hands the kip back to the Ringkeeper before a possibly losing throw, i.e. to retire after a winning throw. Heads Both coins land with the "head" side facing up.

  5. Sleeping Beauty problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_problem

    Imagine tossing a coin, if the coin comes up heads, a green ball is placed into a box; if, instead, the coin comes up tails, two red balls are placed into a box. We repeat this procedure a large number of times until the box is full of balls of both colours.

  6. Matching pennies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matching_pennies

    If one penny is heads and the other tails, Odd wins and keeps both coins. Matching pennies is a non-cooperative game studied in game theory. It is played between two players, Even and Odd. Each player has a penny and must secretly turn the penny to heads or tails. The players then reveal their choices simultaneously.

  7. Penney's game - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penney's_game

    Player A selects a sequence of heads and tails (of length 3 or larger), and shows this sequence to player B. Player B then selects another sequence of heads and tails of the same length. Subsequently, a fair coin is tossed until either player A's or player B's sequence appears as a consecutive subsequence of the coin toss outcomes. The player ...

  8. St. Petersburg paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Petersburg_paradox

    The first time heads appears, the game ends and the player wins whatever is the current stake. Thus the player wins 2 dollars if heads appears on the first toss, 4 dollars if tails appears on the first toss and heads on the second, 8 dollars if tails appears on the first two tosses and heads on the third, and so on.

  9. Heads and Tails - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heads_and_Tails

    Heads and Tails may refer to: Obverse and reverse, sides of a coin; Coin flipping; Heads and Tails (card game), a solitaire card game which uses two decks of playing cards. Heads and Tails (crowd game), touching ones head or tail; Heads and Tails, a 1995 Russian Film; Heads and Tails (Russian telecast), a Ukrainian Russian-speaking travel series