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Rabbit syndrome is a rare [1] form of extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic drugs in which perioral tremors occur at a rate of approximately 5 Hz. Rabbit syndrome is characterized by involuntary, fine, rhythmic motions of the mouth along a vertical plane, without involvement of the tongue, [2] [3] and resembling the chewing movements of a rabbit. [4]
These side effects are serious and some of them are permanent, and many remain a crucial concern for companies and healthcare professionals and substantial efforts are being encouraged to reduce the potential risks for future antipsychotics through more clinical trials and drug development.
Medications are used to reverse the symptoms of extrapyramidal side effects caused by antipsychotics or other drugs, by either directly or indirectly increasing dopaminergic neurotransmission. The treatment varies by the type of the EPS, but may involve anticholinergic agents such as procyclidine, benztropine, diphenhydramine, and trihexyphenidyl.
However, since its introduction to the market in 2013, the drug’s efficacy in cats has been subject to extensive study. The post Apoquel for Cats: Uses, Dosage, & Side Effects appeared first on ...
These agents are associated with fewer neuromotor side effects and a lower risk of developing tardive dyskinesia. [ 37 ] Studies have tested the use of melatonin , high dosage vitamins , and different antioxidants in concurrence with antipsychotic drugs (often used to treat schizophrenia ) as a way of preventing and treating tardive dyskinesia.
Information on a cat's tendency towards obsessive compulsive disorders, anxiety, fear, and over-attachment to its owner is highly advantageous for diagnosis and treatment. Wherever possible, cases of feline hyperesthesia syndrome should be referred to a specialist in feline behaviour for a secondary opinion.
Instead of decreasing the antipsychotic, the doctor may increase their dose to try to "improve" what they perceive to be negative symptoms of schizophrenia, rather than antipsychotic side effects. [ citation needed ] The concept of neuroleptic-induced deficit syndrome was initially presented for schizophrenia , and it has rarely been associated ...
There are two lines of treatment for Pisa syndrome. The first line entails discontinuation or reduction in dose of the antipsychotic drug(s). The second line of treatment is an anticholinergic medication. A pharmacological therapy for Pisa syndrome caused by prolonged use of antipsychotic drugs has not been established yet. [10]