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Saudi Arabia, [d] officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), [e] is a country in West Asia.Located in the centre of the Middle East, it covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula and has a land area of about 2,150,000 km 2 (830,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the largest in the Middle East, and the 12th-largest in the world. [15]
The history of Saudi Arabia as a nation state began with the emergence of the Al Saud dynasty in central Arabia in 1727 [1] [2] and the subsequent establishment of the Emirate of Diriyah. Pre-Islamic Arabia , the territory that constitutes modern Saudi Arabia , was the site of several ancient cultures and civilizations; the prehistory of Saudi ...
Saudi Arabia is the world's leading petroleum exporter and petroleum exports fuel the Saudi economy. [3] Oil accounts for more than 90 percent of exports and nearly 75 percent of government revenues, facilitating the creation of a welfare state , [ 4 ] [ 5 ] which the government has found difficult to fund during periods of low oil prices . [ 6 ]
Saudi Arabia’s hosting of top American and Russian officials for a high-stakes rapprochement meeting underlines the kingdom’s aspirations to become a global actor capable of successfully ...
Saudis (Arabic: سعوديون, romanized: Suʿūdiyyūn) or Saudi Arabians are an ethnic group and nation native to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who speak the Arabic language, a Central Semitic language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture.
Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia are the diplomatic and trade relations between Saudi Arabia and other countries around the world. The foreign policy of Saudi Arabia is focused on co-operation with the oil-exporting Gulf States , the unity of the Arab World , Islamic solidarity , and support for the United Nations . [ 1 ]
During the Pre-Islamic era, the city at the site of modern Riyadh was called Hajr (Arabic: حجر), and was reportedly founded by the tribe of Banu Hanifa. [18] [19] Hajr served as the capital of the province of Al-Yamamah, whose governors were responsible for most of central and eastern Arabia during the Umayyad and Abbasid eras.
Saudi Arabia, and specifically the Hejaz, as the cradle of Islam, has many of the most significant historic Muslim sites, including the two holiest sites of Mecca and Medina. [116] One of the King's titles is Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques , the two mosques being Masjid al-Haram in Mecca (which contains Islam's most sacred place, the Kaaba ...