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This is a list of plants from India that have been considered rare, threatened, endangered, or extinct by the IUCN or the Botanical Survey of India. Some of the regions mentioned may refer to old and outdated state or regional boundaries and may need to be interpreted with caution. [1]
This category contains articles related to the endemic flora of the region of India,as defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions – green on the map. It is a smaller geographical region than the political country and excludes the following areas:
There are estimated to be over 18,000 species of flowering plants in India, which constitute some 6-7 percent of the total plant species in the world. India is home to more than 50,000 species of plants, including a variety of endemics. The use of plants as a source of medicines has been an integral part of life in India from the earliest times.
This puts endemic plants and animals at greater risk than widespread species during the rapid climate change of this century. [38] [39] Some scientists claim that the presence of endemic species in an area is a good method to find geographical regions that can be considered priorities for conservation.
India's climate has become progressively drier since the late Miocene, reducing forest cover in northern India in favour of grassland. [23] There are about 29,015 species of plants including 17,926 species of flowering plants. This is about 9.1% of the total plant species identified worldwide and 6,842 species are endemic to India.
Of the 3,300 species of flowering plants in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in southern India, 132 are endemic. The reserve encompasses portions of the Western Ghats and Nilgiri Hills in the states of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. They are listed by plant family. Plants with an asterisk* are listed in The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ...
The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve is a non-use conservation area and biosphere reserve in the Satpura Range of Madhya Pradesh state in Central India. [1] The conservation area was created in 1999 by the Indian government. It also contains animals from the Himalayan mountains and from the lower Western Ghats. UNESCO designated it a biosphere ...
India ranks fourth in Asia and tenth in the world amongst the top 17 mega-diverse countries in the world. [1] India harbours nearly 11% of the world's floral diversity comprising over 17500 documented flowering plants, 6200 endemic species, 7500 medicinal plants and 246 globally threatened species in only 2.4% of world's land area. [2]