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The kafala system or kefala system (Arabic: نظام الكفالة niẓām al-kafāla, lit. ' sponsorship system ' ) is a system in the Middle East that involves binding migrant workers to a specific employer throughout the period of their residence in a country.
After the abolition of slavery, poor migrant workers were employed under the Kafala system, which have been compared to slavery. [26] The kafala system is practiced in Kuwait. The main legal source for the kafala system in Kuwait is the 1959 Aliens’ Residence Law and its implementing regulations.
The history of slavery in the Muslim world was throughout the history of Islam with slaves serving in various social and economic roles, from powerful emirs to harshly treated manual laborers. Slaves were widely employed in irrigation, mining, and animal husbandry, but most commonly as soldiers, guards, domestic workers, [ 1 ] and concubines ...
The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day. Likewise, its victims have come from many different ethnicities and religious groups. The social, economic, and legal positions of slaves have differed vastly in different systems of slavery in different times and places. [1]
At the time, the pearl industry was dominated by slave labor. For most of its history, Qatar practiced slavery until its abolition in 1952. Many members of the Afro-Arabian minority are descendants of the former slaves. Chattel slavery was succeeded by the Kafala system. The kafala system has been abolished in Qatar since December 2016.
The Kafala system is not legally binding in Lebanon because recruiters cannot act as a sponsor. [24] Instead the system is made up of a number for administrative regulations, customary practices and legal requirements which bind the worker to the recruiter temporarily. [25]. Once in Lebanon, the migrant domestic worker is assigned an employer ...
According to a 2008 Human Rights Watch report, [80] under the kafala system in Saudi Arabia, "an employer assumes responsibility for a hired migrant worker and must grant explicit permission before the worker can enter Saudi Arabia, transfer employment, or leave the country. The kafala system gives the employer immense control over the worker."
The Kafala system is not legally binding in Lebanon because recruiters cannot act as a sponsor. [16] Instead the system is made up of a number for administrative regulations, customary practices and legal requirements which bind the worker to the recruiter temporarily. [17]. Once in Lebanon, the migrant domestic worker is assigned an employer ...