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Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
The treatment of intestinal ischemia depends on the cause and can be medical or surgical. However, if bowel has become necrotic, the only treatment is surgical removal of the dead segments of bowel. [34] In non-occlusive disease, where there is no blockage of the arteries supplying the bowel, the treatment is medical rather than surgical ...
Bowel infarction or gangrenous bowel represents an irreversible injury to the intestine resulting from insufficient blood flow. It is considered a medical emergency because it can quickly result in life-threatening infection and death. [1] Any cause of bowel ischemia, the earlier reversible form of injury, may ultimately lead to infarction if ...
Neonatal sepsis can be difficult to diagnose as newborns may be asymptomatic. [92] If a newborn shows signs and symptoms suggestive of sepsis, antibiotics are immediately started and are either changed to target a specific organism identified by diagnostic testing or discontinued after an infectious cause for the symptoms has been ruled out. [93]
Cecal volvulus is slightly less common than sigmoid volvulus and is associated with symptoms of abdominal pain and small bowel obstruction. Volvulus can also occur in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy due to smooth muscle dysfunction. [citation needed] Gastric volvulus causes nausea, vomiting, and pain in the upper abdomen.
Self-administered enemas may however be abused, which can cause anorectal fibrosis and stricture, due to repeated microtrauma. [23] The disadvantages of this treatment are mainly social stigma and inconvenience. The water and stool may take some time to fully evacuate, especially with patients with obstructed defecation.
Symptoms include abdominal pain which may come and go, vomiting, abdominal bloating, and bloody stool. [1] It often results in a small bowel obstruction. [1] Other complications may include peritonitis or bowel perforation. [1] The cause in children is typically unknown; in adults a lead point is sometimes present. [1]
Signs and symptoms include a high fever, pelvic mass, vaginal bleeding or discharge, and lower abdominal pain. [1] It can lead to sepsis and death. [1] Blood tests typically show a raised white cell count. [1] Other tests generally include urine pregnancy test, blood and exudate culture, and vaginal wet mount. [1]