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The Wason selection task (or four-card problem) is a logic puzzle devised by Peter Cathcart Wason in 1966. [1] [2] [3] It is one of the most famous tasks in the study of deductive reasoning. [4] An example of the puzzle is: You are shown a set of four cards placed on a table, each of which has a number on one side and a color on the other.
Wason created the Selection Task, also known as the 4-card task, in 1966. In this task, participants were exposed to four cards on a table, and given a rule by the experimenter. The participants were then told to choose just cards to determine whether the rule given to them by the experimenter was true or false.
Wason interpreted his results as showing a preference for confirmation over falsification, hence he coined the term "confirmation bias". [c] [58] Wason also used confirmation bias to explain the results of his selection task experiment. [59]
The Wason selection task provides evidence for the matching bias. [15] The test is designed as a measure of a person's logical thinking ability. [50] Performance on the Wason Selection Task is sensitive to the content and context with which it is presented. If you introduce a negative component into the conditional statement of the Wason ...
An important bias is the matching bias, which is often illustrated using the Wason selection task. [5] [3] [41] [42] In an often-cited experiment by Peter Wason, 4 cards are presented to the participant. In one case, the visible sides show the symbols D, K, 3, and 7 on the different cards.
The THOG problem is one of cognitive psychologist Peter Wason's logic puzzles, constructed to show some of the weaknesses in human thinking. You are shown four symbols a black square; a white square; a black circle; a white circle; and told by the experimenter "I have picked one colour (black or white) and one shape (square or circle).
This requires a different selection answer, as the 8, brown, and red cards must be turned over to guarantee equivalence. It is an implication in the article text: "if a card shows an even number on one face, then its opposite face shows a primary colour" The subtlety of implication is much of the point of the Wason selection task.
Jonathan St B. T. Evans (born 30 June 1948) [2] is a British cognitive psychologist, currently Emeritus Professor of Psychology at the University of Plymouth. [3] In 1975, with Peter Wason, Evans proposed one of the first dual-process theories of reasoning, an idea later developed and popularized by Daniel Kahneman.