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Beta turns are especially common at the loop ends of beta hairpins; they have a different distribution of types from the others; type I' is the most common, followed by types II', I and II. Additional turn types have been defined by clustering turn conformations within very high-resolution protein structures. [11]
A hairpin is a special case of a turn, in which the direction of the protein backbone reverses and the flanking secondary structure elements interact. For example, a beta hairpin connects two hydrogen-bonded, antiparallel β-strands (a rather confusing name, since a β-hairpin may contain many types of turns – α, β, γ, etc.).
The standard hydrogen-bond definition for secondary structure is that of DSSP, which is a purely electrostatic model. It assigns charges of ± q 1 ≈ 0.42 e to the carbonyl carbon and oxygen, respectively, and charges of ± q 2 ≈ 0.20 e to the amide hydrogen and nitrogen, respectively.
He referred to these factors as "alpha" and "beta". Alpha refers to a combination of agreeableness, conscientiousness and emotional stability (the inverse of neuroticism). Beta is a combination of extraversion and intellect/openness. Digman suggests that Alpha may represent a social desirability factor.
Systems expressed by circles of causality have therefore similar structure. Identifying a system archetype and finding the leverage enables efficient changes in a system. The basic system archetypes and possible solutions of the problems are mentioned in the Examples section. [1] A fundamental property of nature is that no cause can affect the ...
In 1938, the American psychologist Henry Murray developed a system of needs as part of his theory of personality, which he named personology.Murray argued that everyone had a set of universal basic needs, with individual differences among these needs leading to the uniqueness of personality through varying dispositional tendencies for each need; in other words, a specific need is more ...
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Beta waves, or beta rhythm, are neural oscillations (brainwaves) in the brain with a frequency range of between 12.5 and 30 Hz (12.5 to 30 cycles per second). Several different rhythms coexist, with some being inhibitory and others excitory in function.