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Hyperandrogenism is a medical condition characterized by high levels of androgens. It is more common in women than men. [4] Symptoms of hyperandrogenism may include acne, seborrhea, hair loss on the scalp, increased body or facial hair, and infrequent or absent menstruation. [1] [2] Complications may include high blood cholesterol and diabetes. [4]
Young women may present with symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome (oligomenorrhea, polycystic ovaries, hirsutism). [medical citation needed] Males with classic CAH generally have no signs of CAH at birth. Some may present with hyperpigmentation, due to co-secretion with melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and possible penile enlargement.
It is unclear what concentration of adrenal androgens is best for normal growth, puberty, and bone health. [221] One of the challenging aspects of long-term management is optimizing growth so that a child with CAH achieves his or her height potential because both undertreatment and overtreatment can reduce growth or the remaining time for growth.
Androgens are synthesized in the testes, the ovaries, and the adrenal glands. Androgens increase in both males and females during puberty. [3] The major androgen in males is testosterone. [4] Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and androstenedione are of equal importance in male development. [4] DHT in utero causes differentiation of the penis, scrotum ...
[citation needed] In women with mild cases, elevated blood pressure and/or infertility is the presenting clinical problem. 17α-hydroxylase deficiency in genetic males results in moderate to severe reduction of fetal testosterone production by adrenal glands and testes. Undervirilization is variable and sometimes complete.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency is a form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) which produces a higher than normal amount of androgen, [1] resulting from a defect in the gene encoding the enzyme steroid 11β-hydroxylase (11β-OH) which mediates the final step of cortisol synthesis in the adrenal. 11β-OH CAH results in hypertension due to excessive ...
Achard–Thiers syndrome (also known as diabetic-bearded woman syndrome) is a rare disorder mainly occurring in postmenopausal women. It is characterized by type II diabetes mellitus and signs related to the overproduction of androgens. [2] The disease is named for Emile Achard and Joseph Thiers. [3]
An androgen-dependent condition, disease, disorder, or syndrome, is a medical condition that is, in part or full, dependent on, or is sensitive to, the presence of androgenic activity in the body. [ citation needed ]