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Examples of emulsions include vinaigrettes, homogenized milk, liquid biomolecular condensates, and some cutting fluids for metal working. Two liquids can form different types of emulsions. As an example, oil and water can form, first, an oil-in-water emulsion, in which the oil is the dispersed phase, and water is the continuous phase.
Cream – Emulsion of oil and water in approximately equal proportions. Penetrates stratum corneum outer layers of skin well. Ointment – Combines oil (80%) and water (20%). Effective barrier against moisture loss. Gel – Liquefies upon contact with the skin.
A container with cream. Topical cream formulation is an emulsion semisolid dosage form that is used for skin external application. Most of the topical cream formulations contain more than 20 per cent of water and volatiles and/or less than 50 per cent of hydrocarbons, waxes, or polyethylene glycols as the vehicle for external skin application. [1]
Cream. A cream is a preparation usually for application to the skin.Creams for application to mucous membranes such as those of the rectum or vagina are also used. Creams may be considered pharmaceutical products, since even cosmetic creams are manufactured using techniques developed by pharmacy and unmedicated creams are highly used in a variety of skin conditions (dermatoses).
Most lotions are oil-in-water emulsions using a substance such as cetearyl alcohol to keep the emulsion together, but water-in-oil lotions are also formulated. The key components of a skin care lotion, cream or gel emulsion (that is mixtures of oil and water) are the aqueous and oily phases, an emulsifier to prevent separation of these two ...
Commonly invert emulsions look much like a paste or thick cream and typical examples are mayonnaise, margarine (especially "low-fat" grades of margarine), pharmaceutical ointments, and cosmetic "creams". Emulsion inversion differs from emulsion breaking in that a breaking emulsion tends to separate the two phases into un-emulsified continuous ...
The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy (Third ed.). Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia. ISBN 0-8121-0977-5. US Patent 8728521, Hemant N. Joshi, issued May 20, 2014 US Patent 9884024, Hemant N. Joshi, issued February 6, 2018 US Patent 10357461, Hemant N. Joshi, issued July 23, 2019 Sant, Harshada (April 2018).
Milk is a commonly cited example of an emulsion, a specific type of dispersion of one liquid into another liquid where the two liquids are immiscible. The fat molecules suspended in milk provide a mode of delivery of important fat-soluble vitamins and nutrients from the mother to newborn. [ 10 ]