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Levothyroxine, also known as L-thyroxine, is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T 4). [5] [8] It is used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency (hypothyroidism), including a severe form known as myxedema coma. [5]
As a measure of deiodination, the production of radioactive iodine and other physiological metabolites, in particular T 3 or reverse T 3, are determined and expressed (e.g. as fmol/mg protein/minute). [24] [25] In vivo, deiodination activity is estimated from equilibrium levels of free T 3 and free T 4.
Levothyroxine is the chemical name of the manufactured version of T 4, which is metabolised more slowly than T 3 and hence usually only needs once-daily administration. Natural desiccated thyroid hormones are derived from pig thyroid glands, and are a "natural" hypothyroid treatment containing 20% T 3 and traces of T 2, T 1 and calcitonin.
Thyroxine, also known as T 4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland.It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T 3). [1]
Levothyroxine, a drug used to treat hypothyroidism, can lead to reduced bone mass and density in older adults with normal thyroid levels, a small cohort study has shown.
They recommend levothyroxine as the preferred treatment. Some practitioners refuse to use desiccated thyroid. [9] Each 64.8 mg (one grain) of thyroid extract contains approximately 38 μg and 9 μg of measurable levothyroxine (T4) and liothyronine (T3), respectively. [1] Arguments against desiccated thyroid include:
For patients taking levothyroxine, TSH may be boosted by discontinuing levothyroxine for 3–6 weeks. [6] This long period of hormone withdrawal is required because of levothyroxine's relatively long biological half-life, and may result in symptoms of hypothyroidism in the patient. The shorter half-life of liothyronine permits a withdrawal ...
Reverse T 3 is the third-most common iodothyronine the thyroid gland releases into the bloodstream, at 0.9%; tetraiodothyronine (levothyroxine, T 4) constitutes 90% and T 3 is 9%. However, 95% of rT 3 in human blood is made elsewhere in the body, as enzymes remove a particular iodine atom from T 4. [1]