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The phonology of the Korean language covers the language's distinct, meaningful sounds (19 consonants and 7 vowels in the standard Seoul dialect) and the rules governing how those sounds interact with each other.
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Korean on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Korean in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
In 1954, North Korea set out the rules for Korean orthography (Korean: 조선어 철자법; MR: Chosŏnŏ Ch'ŏlchapŏp).Although this was only a minor revision in orthography that created little difference from that used in the South, from then on, the standard languages in the North and the South gradually differed more and more from each other.
For many English speakers, the first part of the ow sound in cow. ⓘ Mandarin 他 tā, American English father, Spanish casa, French patte ⓘ RP cut, German Kaiserslautern (In transcriptions of English, [ɐ] is usually written ʌ .) ⓘ RP father, French pâte, Dutch bad ⓘ French Caen, sans, temps: Nasalized [ɑ]. ⓘ
The flag hung at the founding ceremony of the Korean People's Army in 1948 reads, 'Long live General Kim Il-sung, the leader of our people!'During the North's brief use of the initial sound rule, the Sino-Korean term "領導者" (leader) is spelled using the initial sound rule: 영도자 yeongdoja instead of ryeongdoja 령도자.
With 19 possible initial consonants, 21 possible medial (one- or two-letter) vowels, and 28 possible final consonants (of which one corresponds to the case of no final consonant), there are a total of 19 × 21 × 28 = 11,172 theoretically possible "Korean syllable letters" (Korean: 글자; RR: geulja; lit.
For example, both the k and the digraph gh of English knight were once pronounced (the latter is still pronounced in some Scots varieties), but after the loss of their sounds, they no longer represent the word's phonemic structure or its pronunciation. Spelling may represent the pronunciation of a different dialect from the one being considered.
The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul [a] or Hangeul [b] in South Korea (English: / ˈ h ɑː n ɡ uː l / HAHN-gool; [2] Korean: 한글; Korean pronunciation: [ha(ː)n.ɡɯɭ] ⓘ) and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea (조선글; North Korean pronunciation [tsʰo.sʰɔn.ɡɯɭ]), is the modern writing system for the Korean language.