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Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), formerly known as Steno-Fallot tetralogy, [9] is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific cardiac defects. [4] Classically, the four defects are: [ 4 ] pulmonary stenosis , which is narrowing of the exit from the right ventricle;
Ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), and tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) are the most common congenital heart defects seen in the VACTERL association. [19] Less common defects in the association are persistent truncus arteriosus and transposition of the great arteries .
The Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt (BTT shunt), [1] previously known as the Blalock–Taussig Shunt (BT shunt), [2] is a surgical procedure used to increase blood flow to the lungs in some forms of congenital heart disease [3] such as pulmonary atresia and tetralogy of Fallot, which are common causes of blue baby syndrome. [3]
4 Tetra- prefix: Tetralogy of Fallot; 5 Words: Total anomalous pulmonary venous return; A mainstem intubation with an endotracheal tube can lead to right-to-left shunting. [citation needed] This occurs when the tip of the endotracheal tube is placed beyond the carina. In this way only one lung is oxygenated and oxygen-poor blood from the non ...
In tetralogy of Fallot, episodes in which infants become cyanotic are called tet spells, typically occurring during feeding or crying. [18] When older, children may squat to feel relief since this increases the systemic vascular resistance causing more blood to go towards the lungs, resulting in increased oxygenation. [18]
She had a condition called Tetralogy of Fallot, one of the primary congenital defects that lead to blue baby syndrome. In this condition, defects in the great vessels and wall of the heart lead to a chronic lack of oxygen in the blood. In Eileen's case, this made her lips and fingers turn blue, with the rest of her skin having a very faint blue ...
Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital heart defect in which the septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve are displaced downwards towards the apex of the right ventricle of the heart. [1]
The most typical form of APVS is a tetralogy of Fallot variant, [4] however, case studies have linked APVS to several different congenital cardiac syndromes, such as agenesis of ductus arteriosus, [5] persistent ductus arteriosus, [6] atrioventricular septal defect, [7] pulmonary branching abnormalities, [8] [9] transposition of the great arteries, [10] and type B interrupted aortic arch. [11]