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An electrical conduit is a tube used to protect and route electrical wiring in a building or structure. Electrical conduit may be made of metal, plastic, fiber, or fired clay. Most conduit is rigid, but flexible conduit is used for some purposes. Conduit is generally installed by electricians at the site of installation of electrical equipment.
Comparison of SWG (red), AWG (blue) and IEC 60228 (black) wire gauge sizes from 0.03 to 200 mm² to scale on a 1 mm grid – in the SVG file, hover over a size to highlight it. In engineering applications, it is often most convenient to describe a wire in terms of its cross-section area, rather than its diameter, because the cross section is directly proportional to its strength and weight ...
This may be a specialised bendable pipe, called a conduit, or one of several varieties of metal (rigid steel or aluminium) or non-metallic (PVC or HDPE) tubing. Rectangular cross-section metal or PVC wire troughs (North America) or trunking (UK) may be used if many circuits are required.
The early 1900s brought tremendous expansion of the telephone, telegraph and electrical industries, along with subway construction along the eastern seaboard. This expansion in installation of electrical and telecommunications wiring within buildings and subway tunnels brought with it a rising demand for fiber conduit to run it in.
In commercial and industrial, unenclosed NM cable is often prohibited in certain areas or altogether (depending on what the building is used for and local/state building codes). Therefore, it is almost never used by commercial electrical contractors. Most wiring is put in non-flexible conduit, usually EMT because of its cost and durability.
Standard UK metric twin and earth cable sizes 1/1 mm 2 and 1.5/1 mm 2 have solid conductors and CPC (primarily used on low power lighting or alarm circuits) 2.5/1.5mm 2 has a solid CPC and may have solid or stranded conductors (primarily used for socket circuits, radial or ring circuit )
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