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The British East India Company developed Calcutta as a village by establishing an artificial riverine port in the 18th century CE. Kolkata was the capital of the British India until 1911, when the capital was relocated to Delhi.
The Black Hole of Calcutta: A Reconstruction. London, Suttonn Publishing Ltd., U.K. Edition, 2003. 272 p. ISBN 978-0750933896. Partha Chatterjee. The Black Hole of Empire: History of a Global Practice of Power. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2012. 425 pp. ISBN 9780691152004. Explores the incident itself and the history of using it ...
Kolkata's recorded history began in 1690 with the arrival of the English East India Company, which was consolidating its trade business in Bengal. Job Charnock is often regarded as the founder of the city; [ 42 ] however, in response to a public petition, [ 43 ] the Calcutta High Court ruled in 2003 that the city does not have a founder. [ 44 ]
A view of Calcutta from Fort William (1807) Plan (top-view) of Fort William, c. 1844. There are two Fort Williams. The original fort was built in the year 1696 by the British East India Company under the orders of Sir John Goldsborough which took a decade to complete. The permission was granted by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
The University of Calcutta was founded in 1857. Dr. Fredrick John, the education secretary to the then British Government in India, first tendered a proposal to the British Government in London for the establishment of a university in Calcutta, along the lines of London University, but at that time the plan failed to obtain the necessary approval.
The siege of Calcutta was a battle between the Bengal Subah and the British East India Company on 20 June 1756. The Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud-Daulah, aimed to seize Calcutta to punish the company for the unauthorised construction of fortifications at Fort William. Siraj ud-Daulah caught the Company unprepared and won a decisive victory.
During the British Raj, until 1911, Calcutta was the capital of India. [4] By the latter half of the 19th century, Shimla had become the summer capital. [5] King George V proclaimed the transfer of the capital from Calcutta to Delhi at the climax of the 1911 Delhi Durbar on 12 December 1911.
The Kolkata gallery concept was agreed and a design was developed leading to the opening of the gallery in 1992. [5] The Kolkata gallery houses a visual display of the history and development of Kolkata when the capital of India was transferred to New Delhi. The gallery also has a life-size diorama of Chitpur road in the late 1800s. [23]