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A gateway is a network node that serves as an access point to another network, often involving not only a change of addressing, but also a different networking technology. More narrowly defined, a router merely forwards packets between networks with different network prefixes .
In Internet networking, a private network is a computer network that uses a private address space of IP addresses.These addresses are commonly used for local area networks (LANs) in residential, office, and enterprise environments.
A NIS/YP system maintains and distributes a central directory of user and group information, hostnames, e-mail aliases and other text-based tables of information in a computer network. For example, in a common UNIX environment, the list of users for identification is placed in /etc/passwd and secret authentication hashes in /etc/shadow .
A DHCP client may also request an IP address in the DHCPDISCOVER, which the server may take into account when selecting an address to offer. For example, if HTYPE is set to 1, to specify that the medium used is Ethernet , HLEN is set to 6 because an Ethernet address (MAC address) is 6 octets long.
It supported 64-bit and 128-bit keys, combining user-configurable and factory-set bits. WEP used the RC4 algorithm for encrypting data, creating a unique key for each packet by combining a new Initialization Vector (IV) with a shared key (it has 40 bits of vectored key and 24 bits of random numbers).
Some web applications need to manage user sessions, so they implement states, or server side sessions, using for instance HTTP cookies [46] or hidden variables within web forms. To start an application user session, an interactive authentication via web application login must be performed. To stop a user session a logout operation must be ...