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Azmon is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible books of Numbers and Joshua . [1] According to a researcher of Bedouin culture, biblical Azmon was an oasis known to Arabic-speaking Bedouin as Gusayma , named for the gaysum plant ( Achillea fragrantissima ) which grows abundantly in the region. [ 2 ]
Kadesh Barnea is a key feature in the common biblical formula delineating the southern border of the Land of Israel (cf. Numbers 34:4, Joshua 15:3, Ezekiel 47:19 etc.) [4] and thus its identification is key to understanding both the ideal and geopolitically realised borders of ancient Israel. Petra, sometimes identified as an eastern Kadesh
The term "Land of Israel" is a direct translation of the Hebrew phrase ארץ ישראל (Eretz Yisrael), which occasionally occurs in the Bible, [12] and is first mentioned in the Tanakh in 1 Samuel 13:19, following the Exodus, when the Israelite tribes were already in the Land of Canaan. [13]
Attempting to locate many of the stations of the Israelite Exodus is a difficult task, if not infeasible. Though most scholars concede that the narrative of the Exodus may have a historical basis, [9] [10] [11] the event in question would have borne little resemblance to the mass-emigration and subsequent forty years of desert nomadism described in the biblical account.
The Israelites lived in a smaller area of former Canaanite land and land east of the Jordan River after the legendary prophet Moses led the Israelite Exodus out of Egypt (Numbers 34:1–12). The Torah's Book of Deuteronomy presents this occupation as their God's fulfillment of the promise (Deuteronomy 1:8).
Based on his conclusions, Thiele showed that the 14 years between Ahab and Jehu were really 12 years. This enabled him to date their reigns precisely, for Ahab is mentioned in the Kurk Stele which records the Assyrian advance into Syria/Israel at the Battle of Qarqar in 853 BC, and Jehu is mentioned on the Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III paying tribute in 841 BC.
[17] (3) Hence, when the Israelites came from Egypt to Israel, according to Numbers 20:1–21:3, [18] only Aaron is not allowed to enter this land because he has sinned — the rest of the Israelites, however, can conquer the area. Ancient Israel according to the Bible (9th century BCE, approximate)
Historical geographer, Joseph Schwarz (1804–1865), sought to establish the bounds of the Amanah mountain range described in rabbinic literature, adding that it is to be identified with Mount Hor, "the northern terminus of Palestine", and which, according to him, "extends south of Tripoli as the promontory of Mount Hor (Numbers 34:7), called ...