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Ohio blacks could not vote, hold office, serve in the state militia, or serve jury duty. Blacks were not permitted in the public school system until 1848, when a law was passed that permitted communities to establish segregated schools. In 1837, black Ohioans met in a statewide convention seeking repeal of the Black Laws. [2]
In the United States before 1865, a slave state was a state in which slavery and the internal or domestic slave trade were legal, while a free state was one in which they were prohibited. Between 1812 and 1850, it was considered by the slave states to be politically imperative that the number of free states not exceed the number of slave states ...
The legal status of slavery in New Hampshire has been described as "ambiguous," [15] and abolition legislation was minimal or non-existent. [16] New Hampshire never passed a state law abolishing slavery. [17] That said, New Hampshire was a free state with no slavery to speak of from the American Revolution forward. [9] New Jersey
Ohio courts are free to grant Ohioans greater rights than those afforded under federal law. [11] Additionally, the Ohio Constitution contains several rights not found in the U.S. Constitution. For example, the 1851 constitution outlawed slavery, but slavery remained legal under the U.S. Constitution until the passage of the 13th Amendment in 1865.
Ohio was a destination for escaped African Americans slaves before the Civil War. In the early 1870s, the Society of Friends members actively helped former black slaves in their search of freedom. The state was important in the operation of the Underground Railroad .
The end of slavery and, with it, the legal prohibition of slave education did not mean that education for former slaves or their descendants became widely available. Racial segregation in schools, de jure and then de facto, and inadequate funding of schools for African Americans, if they existed at all, continued into the twenty-first century ...
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By the 1830s, Letters on Slavery had become standard reading for abolitionists all over the United States. In 1832, William Lloyd Garrison printed the letters in his anti-slavery newspaper, The Liberator. Garrison later called Rankin his "anti-slavery father," saying that "his book on slavery was the cause of my entering the anti-slavery ...