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When acidic solution of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine is mixed with copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide solutions, a violet color is formed. Upon shaking with ether, the organic phase turns red/purple and the aqueous phase turns blue. The staining is based on the formation of a coordination complex of two ephedrine molecules and a copper ion Cu ...
Copper sulfate has been used for control of algae in lakes and related fresh waters subject to eutrophication. It "remains the most effective algicidal treatment". [22] [23] Bordeaux mixture, a suspension of copper(II) sulfate (CuSO 4) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2), is used to control fungus on grapes, melons, and other berries. [24]
An aqueous sample is treated with an equal volume of 1% strong base (sodium or potassium hydroxide) followed by a few drops of aqueous copper(II) sulfate. If the solution turns purple, it contains protein. 5–160 mg/mL can be determined. Peptides with the correct length of at least 3 amino acids are necessary for a significant, measurable ...
In aqueous solution, copper(II) exists as [Cu(H 2 O) 6] 2+. This complex exhibits the fastest water exchange rate (speed of water ligands attaching and detaching) for any transition metal aquo complex. Adding aqueous sodium hydroxide causes the precipitation of light blue solid copper(II) hydroxide. A simplified equation is:
Fehling's solution is prepared by combining two separate solutions: Fehling's A, which is a deep blue aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate, and Fehling's B, which is a colorless solution of aqueous potassium sodium tartrate (also known as Rochelle salt) made strongly alkaline with sodium hydroxide. These two solutions, stable separately, are ...
Copper(II) hydroxide has been known since copper smelting began around 5000 BC although the alchemists were probably the first to manufacture it by mixing solutions of lye (sodium or potassium hydroxide) and blue vitriol (copper(II) sulfate). [4] Sources of both compounds were available in antiquity.
One of the early formulas consists of glucose, sodium hydroxide, indigo carmine (dye), and water. Another formula consists of indigo carmine, ascorbic acid , sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, copper(II) sulfate, sodium hydroxide and water. [17] By doing so, chemical waste and the level of corrosive chemicals is reduced. The amount of solid ...
Copper naphthenate is commonly prepared by treatment of naphthenic acid with copper(II) compounds such as basic copper carbonate or copper hydroxide. [1] Even copper(II) sulfate can be treated with sodium or potassium naphthenate in aqueous solutions.