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Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH).Most water, including drinking water, has a neutral pH that exists between 6.5 and 8.5, but acid rain has a pH level lower than this and ranges from 4–5 on average.
Robert Angus Smith FRS (15 February 1817 – 12 May 1884), commonly referred to as Angus Smith, [1] was a Scottish chemist, who investigated numerous environmental issues.He is known for his research on air pollution in 1852, in the course of which he discovered what came to be known as acid rain.
Svante Odén (29 April 1924 – disappeared July 1986) was a Swedish soil scientist, meteorologist, and chemist.Often referred to as the father of acid rain research, [1] [2] Odén was the professor of soil science and eco chemistry at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet) from 1971 to 1986.
Diagram depicting the sources and cycles of acid rain precipitation. Freshwater acidification occurs when acidic inputs enter a body of fresh water through the weathering of rocks, invasion of acidifying gas (e.g. carbon dioxide), or by the reduction of acid anions, like sulfate and nitrate within a lake, pond, or reservoir. [1]
1872 — The term acid rain is coined by Robert Angus Smith in the book Air and Rain. — World's first national park, Yellowstone National Park. — Arbor Day was founded by J. Sterling Morton of Nebraska City, Nebraska. It occurs every year on the last Friday in April in the US. 1873 — International Meteorological Organization is formed.
John Laurence Kulp (February 11, 1921 [1] – September 25, 2006) was a 20th-century geochemist.He led major studies on the effects of nuclear fallout and acid rain.He was a prominent advocate in American Scientific Affiliation circles in favor of an Old Earth and against the pseudoscience of flood geology.
Laze is acid rain and air pollution arising from steam explosions and large plume clouds containing extremely acidic condensate (mainly hydrochloric acid), which occur when molten lava flows enter cold oceans. [1] [2] The term laze is a portmanteau of lava and haze.
Sulfuric acid rain in the atmosphere of Venus evaporates before reaching the ground due to the high heat near the surface. [2] Similarly, virgae happen on gas giant planets such as Jupiter. [citation needed] In September 2008, NASA's Phoenix lander discovered a snow variety of virga falling from Martian clouds. [3]