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Suspension systems can be broadly classified into two subgroups: dependent and independent. These terms refer to the ability of opposite wheels to move independently of each other. [ 26 ] A dependent suspension normally has a beam (a simple 'cart' axle) or a (driven) live axle that holds wheels parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axle.
A beam axle, rigid axle, or solid axle is a dependent suspension design in which a set of wheels is connected laterally by a single beam or shaft. Beam axles were once commonly used at the rear wheels of a vehicle, but historically, they have also been used as front axles in four-wheel-drive vehicles.
A multi-link suspension is a type of independent vehicle suspension having three or more control links per wheel. [1] These arms do not have to be of equal length, and may be angled away from their "obvious" direction. It was first introduced in the late 1960s on the Mercedes-Benz C111 [2] and later on their W201 and W124 series. [3] [4]
Self-levelling suspension; Sliding pillar suspension; Slip angle; Spaceframe chassis; Speed Dependent Damping Control; Speed wobble; Spindle (automobile) Sprung mass; Steering knuckle; Strut; Strut bar; Car suspension; Suspension keel; Suspension link; Swing axle
It is an independent suspension system, as each tyre rises and falls without affecting the position of the other. Although each tyre still moves in an arc as in a standard swing-axle suspension, the lower control arms effectively are lengthened by attaching the axle pivot point to the bottom of the opposite frame rail (i.e., the left lower ...
This suspension is commonly used on a wide variety of front-wheel-drive cars (mainly compacts and subcompacts), and was almost ubiquitous on European superminis. When Volkswagen changed from rear-engined RR layout cars to front-wheel-drive FF layout cars in the mid-1970s, it adopted the system across not just its Audi 50 / Volkswagen Polo ...
An active suspension is a type of automotive suspension that uses an onboard control system to control the vertical movement of the vehicle's wheels and axles relative to the chassis or vehicle frame, rather than the conventional passive suspension that relies solely on large springs to maintain static support and dampen the vertical wheel movements caused by the road surface.
MagneRide is an automotive adaptive suspension with magnetorheological damper system developed by the Delphi Automotive corporation, [1] [2] that uses magnetically controlled dampers, or shock absorbers, for a highly adaptive ride. As opposed to traditional suspension systems, MagneRide has no mechanical valves or even small moving parts that ...