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Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types. [1] [2] The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency.Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally ...
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Muse cells (Multi-lineage differentiating stress enduring cell) are non-cancerous pluripotent stem cell found in adults. [83] [84] They were discovered in 2010 by Mari Dezawa and her research group. [83] Muse cells reside in the connective tissue of nearly every organ including the umbilical cord, bone marrow and peripheral blood.
Each cell type is defined by its particular pattern of regulated gene expression. Cell differentiation is thus a transition of a cell from one cell type to another and it involves a switch from one pattern of gene expression to another. Cellular differentiation during development can be understood as the result of a gene regulatory network.
However, different cells express different subsets of these genes. The evidence for nuclear equivalence comes from cases in which differentiated cells or their nuclei have been found to retain the potential of directing the development of the entire organism. Such cells or nuclei are said to exhibit totipotency. [1]
His original idea presented in 1902 was called totipotentiality (now termed as totipotency): “Theoretically all plant cells are able to give rise to a complete plant.” [3] [4] [5] In his 1905 work "Die lichtsinnesorgane der laubblätter" Haberlandt suggested that plants might be able to see using organs on the upper surface of the leaf. [6] [7]
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Cell plasticity is the idea that cells can switch phenotypes in response to environmental cues. [13] In the context of regeneration, this environmental cue is damage or injury to a limb. [9] Cell plasticity is closely related to dedifferentiation, implying that a cell with ‘plasticity’ can dedifferentiate to change phenotypes. [9]