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Japan has significant diversity in flora. Of approximately 5,600 total vascular plant species, almost 40% are endemic. [1] This richness is due to the significant variation in latitude and altitude across the country, a diversity of climatic conditions due to monsoons, and multiple geohistorical incidences of connections with the mainland.
Japan is within the larger region of East Asia. For the purposes of this category, "Japan" is defined in accordance with the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions . That is, the geographic region is defined as including the following areas, typically defined by the political boundaries of its constituents:
A. Abies firma; Abies homolepis; Abies mariesii; Abies veitchii; Acer argutum; Acer capillipes; Acer carpinifolium; Acer cissifolium; Acer crataegifolium; Acer diabolicum
The 14th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP) (日本薬局方 Nihon yakkyokuhō) lists 165 herbal ingredients that are approved to be used in kampo remedies. [ 2 ] Tsumura (ツムラ) is the leading maker [ 3 ] making 128 of the 148 kampo medicines.
Zanthoxylum piperitum, also known as Japanese pepper or Japanese prickly-ash, is a deciduous aromatic spiny shrub or small tree of the citrus and rue family Rutaceae, native to Japan and Korea. It is called sanshō ( 山椒 ) in Japan and sancho ( 산초 ) in Korea.
Petasites japonicus, illustration from the Japanese agricultural encyclopedia Seikei Zusetsu (1804) Petasites japonicus, also known as butterbur, giant butterbur, great butterbur and sweet-coltsfoot, is an herbaceous perennial plant in the family Asteraceae. [3] It is native to China, Japan, Korea and Sakhalin and introduced in Europe and North ...
Wasabi (Japanese: ワサビ, わさび, or 山葵, pronounced) or Japanese horseradish (Eutrema japonicum [3] syn. Wasabia japonica) [4] is a plant of the family Brassicaceae, which also includes horseradish and mustard in other genera. The plant is native to Japan, the Russian Far East [1] including Sakhalin, and the Korean Peninsula.
Tachibana Unshū Iyokan Dekopon (Hallabong, Sumo Citrus). Japanese citrus fruits were first mentioned in the Kojiki and Nihonshoki, compiled in the 700s, and the Man'yōshū and Kokin Wakashū, poetry anthologies compiled in the 700s and 900s, mention the Tachibana orange as a subject of waka poetry and describe its use as a medicinal, ornamental, and incense plant.