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North Vietnam violated the Geneva Accords by failing to withdraw all Viet Minh troops from South Vietnam, stifling the movement of North Vietnamese refugees, and conducting a military buildup that more than doubled the number of armed divisions in the North Vietnamese army while the South Vietnamese army was reduced by 20,000 men. [33]
The flag of the Viet Minh. 13 March. The Battle of Dien Bien Phu began. The French garrison was surrounded by the Viet Minh commanded by Võ Nguyên Giáp. During the nearly two-month course of the siege a total of about 20,000 soldiers in the French army defended themselves against 49,500 Viet Minh fighters. [3] 15 March
The Việt Minh (Vietnamese: [vîət mīŋ̟] ⓘ, chữ Hán: 越盟) is the common and abbreviated name of the League for Independence of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh [1] or Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh Hội, chữ Hán: 越南獨立同盟(會); French: Ligue pour l'indépendance du Viêt Nam), which was a communist-led national independence coalition ...
The 1954 to 1959 phase of the Vietnam War was the era of the two nations. Coming after the First Indochina War, this period resulted in the military defeat of the French, a 1954 Geneva meeting that partitioned Vietnam into North and South, and the French withdrawal from Vietnam (see First Indochina War), leaving the Republic of Vietnam regime fighting a communist insurgency with USA aid.
The accords resulted in the partition of Vietnam at the 17th parallel north, with Ho Chi Minh's communist Viet Minh in control of the north and the French-backed State of Vietnam in the south. The agreements allowed a 300-day period of grace, ending on May 18, 1955, in which people could move freely between the two Vietnams before the border ...
It is a variation of "Nam Việt" (南 越, Southern Việt), a name used in ancient times. [6] In 1839, Emperor Minh Mạng renamed the country Đại Nam ("Great South"). [7] In 1945, the nation's official name was changed back to "Vietnam". The name is also sometimes rendered as "Viet Nam" in English. [8]
Through 1954, Vietnam was part of French Indochina, along with Laos and Cambodia. During the war, the Imperial Japanese Army occupied Vietnam and remained there until 1945, when the Axis powers were defeated. The Japanese were removed from Vietnam with the help of revolutionary leader Ho Chi Minh and his Viet Minh forces. [4]
The Viet Minh had by this time conquered a substantial part of the Central Highlands including the towns of Kontum and An Khê. On 20 July, a battlefield ceasefire was announced when the Geneva agreements were signed. On 1 August, the armistice went into effect, sealing the end of French Indochina, and the partition of Vietnam along the 17th ...