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A representation by Robert Seymour of the cholera epidemic depicts the spread of the disease in the form of poisonous air.. The miasma theory was the predominant theory of disease transmission before the germ theory took hold towards the end of the 19th century; it is no longer accepted as a correct explanation for disease by the scientific community.
This began the path to germ specificity within the theory. [49] Louis Pasteur's contemporary Robert Koch devoted much of his scientific study to discovering certain pathogens and connecting them to specific diseases. These scientists were often in competition with one another and so the Koch-Pasteur rivalry is a well-known part of germ theory's ...
Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (/ k ɒ x / KOKH; [1] [2] German: [ˈʁoːbɛʁt ˈkɔx] ⓘ; 11 December 1843 – 27 May 1910) was a German physician and microbiologist.As the discoverer of the specific causative agents of deadly infectious diseases including tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax, he is regarded as one of the main founders of modern bacteriology.
The French Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) and German Robert Koch (1843–1910) are the two greatest figures in medical microbiology and in establishing acceptance of the germ theory of disease (germ theory). [1] In 1882, fueled by national rivalry and a language barrier, the tension between Pasteur and the younger Koch erupted into an acute ...
Ignaz Semmelweis Semmelweis, aged 42 in 1860, photograph by Borsos and Doctor Born Semmelweis Ignác Fülöp (1818-07-01) 1 July 1818 Buda, Hungary, Austrian Empire (now Budapest, Hungary) Died 13 August 1865 (1865-08-13) (aged 47) Oberdöbling, Austrian Empire (now Vienna, Austria) Citizenship Kingdom of Hungary Alma mater University of Vienna Known for Introducing hand disinfection standards ...
A key proponent of the germ theory of disease. [2] 1850–1934 Fanny Hesse: German Developed agar for use in culturing bacteria. [2] [6] 1851–1931 Martinus Beijerinck: Netherlands Discovered the first virus as well as bacterial nitrogen fixation and sulfate reduction. 1885–1948 Marjory Stephenson: British Pioneer of bacterial metabolism ...
Louis Pasteur ForMemRS (/ ˈ l uː i p æ ˈ s t ɜːr /, French: [lwi pastœʁ] ⓘ; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the last of which was named after him.
1878 – Confirmation and popularization of the germ theory of disease (Louis Pasteur) 1880 – 81 Theory that bacterial virulence could be attenuated by culture in vitro and used as vaccines. Used to make chicken cholera and anthrax "vaccines" (Louis Pasteur)