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The earliest arrowheads were made of stone and of organic materials; as human civilizations progressed, other alloy materials were used. Arrowheads are important archaeological artifacts; they are a subclass of projectile points. Modern enthusiasts still "produce over one million brand-new spear and arrow points per year". [1]
As well as stone, projectile points were also made of worked wood, bone, antler, horn, or ivory; all of these are less common in the Americas. In regions where metallurgy emerged, projectile points were eventually made from copper, bronze, or iron, though the change was by no means immediate.
Levanna projectile points are stone projectile points manufactured by Native Americans what is now the Northeastern United States, generally in the time interval of 700-1350 AD. They are true arrowheads rather than atlatl dart points, and they derive their name from the specimens found at the Levanna site in Cayuga County, New York. [1]
Neolithic transverse arrowhead, found in Lincolnshire, UK. A transverse arrowhead is a type of trapezoidal or triangular stone projectile point most commonly associated with the European Mesolithic and Neolithic periods although it is also found in other regions and periods. [1]
A Corner Notched projectile with flat basal edge. Elko points, Elko cluster, or Elko eared, are a form of chipped stone projectile points associated with cultures of the Northwestern United States. They are sometimes also called Desert Corner Notched, Eastgate, Elko Corner Notched, Hell's Canyon.
Traditional target arrow (top) and replica medieval arrow (bottom) Modern arrow with plastic fletchings and nock An arrow is a fin-stabilized projectile launched by a bow.A typical arrow usually consists of a long, stiff, straight shaft with a weighty (and usually sharp and pointed) arrowhead attached to the front end, multiple fin-like stabilizers called fletchings mounted near the rear, and ...
Lamoka projectile points are stone projectile points manufactured by Native Americans what is now the Northeastern United States, generally in the time interval of 3500-2500 B.C. They predate the invention of the bow and arrow, and are therefore not true "arrowheads", but rather atlatl dart points.
Over the years, many archaeologists have been involved with the work at the Hell Gap site. The first two discoverers were avocationalists James Duguid and Malcolm McKnight, but professional archaeologists soon took over excavations after they showed several projectile points to George Agogino, professor of Archaeology at the University of Wyoming.