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Rapid or sustained rate of fire may be considered a weapon's absolute maximum firing rate. The term sustained refers to firing a fully-automatic weapon continuously, while rapid is limited to semi-automatic or manually operated firearms. Rapid and sustained fire are usually reserved for close-range defense against ambushes or human wave attacks ...
A process to perform a water flow test is explained in the model fire codes as published by NFPA (National Fire Protection Association). If a water supply source is considered weak compared to what is required by the sprinkler system design hydraulic calculation , the water pressure can be boosted by means of a fire pump .
In fire protection engineering, the K-factor formula is used to calculate the volumetric flow rate from a nozzle. Spray nozzles can for example be fire sprinklers or water mist nozzles, hose reel nozzles, water monitors and deluge fire system nozzles.
The water available is often determined by means of a water flow test, in which one or more fire hydrants are opened and the water pressures and flowrate are measured. Some municipal water jurisdictions may provide an estimate of available water supplies based on hydraulic models.
The average flow rate at the mouth of the Amazon is sufficient to fill more than 83 such pools each second. The estimated global total for all rivers is 1.2 × 10 6 m 3 /s (43 million cu ft/s), [ 1 ] of which the Amazon would be approximately 18%.
The output section of the NFDRS structure chart is the components or simply the outputs that are based in fire behavior description but expressed in the broader context of fire danger rating. [ 6 ] Spread Component – Displays a value numerically equivalent to the predicted forward rate of spread of a head fire in feet per minute.
In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge or efflux coefficient) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ideal discharge, [1] i.e., the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same exit pressures.
A fire test is a means of determining whether fire protection products meet minimum performance criteria as set out in a building code or other applicable legislation. Successful tests in laboratories holding national accreditation for testing and certification result in the issuance of a certification listing .