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Tuberculosis (TB) vaccines are vaccinations intended for the prevention of tuberculosis. Immunotherapy as a defence against TB was first proposed in 1890 by Robert Koch . [ 1 ] As of 2021, the only effective tuberculosis vaccine in common use is the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, first used on humans in 1921.
The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a vaccine primarily used against tuberculosis (TB). [9] It is named after its inventors Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin. [10] [11] In countries where tuberculosis or leprosy is common, one dose is recommended in healthy babies as soon after birth as possible. [9]
M72/AS01 E is an experimental tuberculosis vaccine. If approved, it would be the first vaccine for tuberculosis in more than a century after the BCG vaccine. [1] [2] The vaccine consists of two main ingredients. The antigen part is M72, a recombinant fusion protein derived from the sequences of two M. tuberculosis antigens (Mtb32A and Mtb39A ).
The only vaccine, called the BCG vaccine, is used mainly in high-risk areas to protect babies from one form of the disease. Century-old TB vaccine may work better if given in a new way Skip to ...
The history of tuberculosis encompasses the origins of the disease, tuberculosis (TB) through to the vaccines and treatments methods developed to contain and mitigate its impact. Throughout history, the disease tuberculosis has been variously known as consumption, phthisis, and the White Plague.
Rigorous preclinical studies in different TB-relevant animal models - mice, guinea pigs and non-human primates - conducted between 2001 and 2011 have shown adequate attenuation, safety and improved immunogenicity and protective efficacy against M. tuberculosis challenge as compared to BCG, thus fulfilling regulatory WHO guidelines and the Geneva consensus requirements for progressing live ...
1921 – First vaccine for tuberculosis by Albert Calmette [9] [10] 1923 – First vaccine for diphtheria by Gaston Ramon, Emil von Behring and Kitasato Shibasaburō; 1924 – First vaccine for scarlet fever by George F. Dick and Gladys Dick; 1924 – First inactive vaccine for tetanus (tetanus toxoid, TT) by Gaston Ramon, C. Zoeller and P ...
Tuberculosis has been known by many names from the technical to the familiar. [202] Phthisis (φθίσις) is the Greek word for consumption, an old term for pulmonary tuberculosis; [7] around 460 BCE, Hippocrates described phthisis as a disease of dry seasons. [203] The abbreviation TB is short for tubercle bacillus.