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Roughly one-quarter of the world's population has been infected with M. tuberculosis, [6] with new infections occurring in about 1% of the population each year. [11] However, most infections with M. tuberculosis do not cause disease, [169] and 90–95% of infections remain asymptomatic. [87] In 2012, an estimated 8.6 million chronic cases were ...
Tuberculosis spreads through the air from one person to another. Someone with an active infection can put the germs into the air when they cough, speak, or sing. Those germs can hang out in the ...
Historically, tuberculosis was the most common cause of the lung cavity (and still is in areas where tuberculosis is endemic); [7] however, the cavity can also be caused by sarcoidosis, bullae, bronchiectasis, or cystic lung disease. [2] Chronic necrotizing aspergillosis and invasive aspergillosis are usually seen in immunocompromised people. [4]
Miliary tuberculosis is a form of tuberculosis that is characterized by a wide dissemination into the human body and by the tiny size of the lesions (1–5 mm). Its name comes from a distinctive pattern seen on a chest radiograph of many tiny spots distributed throughout the lung fields with the appearance similar to millet seeds—thus the term "miliary" tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis creates cavities visible in x-rays like this one in the patient's right upper lobe.. A posterior-anterior (PA) chest X-ray is the standard view used; other views (lateral or lordotic) or CT scans may be necessary.
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Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is associated with rusty colored sputum. [27] Pneumonia caused by Klebsiella may have bloody sputum often described as "currant jelly". [28] Bloody sputum (known as hemoptysis) may also occur with tuberculosis, Gram-negative pneumonia, lung abscesses and more commonly acute bronchitis. [24]
If your loved one is recovering from pneumonia after a hospital stay, consider short-term in-home care options to help them recuperate successfully in the home. Professional in-home caregivers can ...