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In 1974, around 750,000 people paid the higher (but not necessarily the top) rate of income tax. [11] Margaret Thatcher, who favoured indirect taxation, reduced personal income tax rates during the 1980s. [12] In the first budget after her election victory in 1979, the top rate was reduced from 83% to 60% and the basic rate from 33% to 30%. [13]
In the United Kingdom, the value added tax (VAT) [1] was introduced in 1973, replacing Purchase Tax, and is the third-largest source of government revenue, after income tax and National Insurance. It is administered and collected by HM Revenue and Customs , primarily through the Value Added Tax Act 1994 .
Later, in December 2024, EY reported ISG had total debts of £1.1bn (including inter-company debt, cash owed to trade creditors, and a £100m tax debt); its overdue accounts for 2023 would have reported £148m in contract write-downs and a £133m pre-tax loss, but the company had only £35m in cash and assets. [39] [48]
Finally, following a review aimed at simplifying tax legislation, a new definition appeared in section 4 Income Tax Act 2007: (1) Income tax is charged for a year only if an Act so provides. (2) A year for which income tax is charged is called a "tax year". (3) A tax year begins on 6 April and ends on the following 5 April.
On 22 April 2009, the then Chancellor Alistair Darling announced in the 2009 Budget statement that starting in April 2010, those with annual incomes over £100,000 would see their Personal allowance reduced by £1 for every £2 earned over £100,000, until the Personal allowance was reduced to zero, which (in 2010–11) would occur at an income of £112,950.
Exit taxation, for preventing the avoidance of taxes when companies are re-locating assets, 3. Incorporation of the GAAR for disregarding of non-genuine arrangements, 4. Controlled Foreign Company Rule (CFC), to deter that the profit is transferred to a low or no tax country, 5. Switchover rule, to prevent double non-taxation. [15]
The most recent SPI report (2012/13) gave annual median income as £21,000 before tax and £18,700 after tax. [7] The 2013/14 HBAI report gave median household income (2 adults) as £23,556. [ 9 ] The provisional results from the April 2014 ASHE report give median gross annual earnings of £22,044 for all employees and £27,195 for full-time ...
9% [44] 12.65% (11% income tax + 15% of the income tax bill to the municipality) [44] 21% [44] Netherlands: 19% for the first €200.000 of profit, 25,8% for the rest. [45] 49.5% [46] (excluding income dependent bracket discount for incomes up to €98.604 [47]) 21% [48] (reduced rate of 9% and 0% for some goods and services) North Macedonia ...