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The effect of a particular cytokine on a given cell depends on the cytokine, its extracellular abundance, the presence and abundance of the complementary receptor on the cell surface, and downstream signals activated by receptor binding; these last two factors can vary by cell type. Cytokines are characterized by considerable redundancy, in ...
6355 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000108700 n/a UniProt P80075 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005623 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_005614 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 34.32 – 34.32 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8 (CCL8), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL8 gene. CCL8 is a small cytokine belonging to ...
Chemokine (C motif) ligand (XCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the C chemokine family that is also known as lymphotactin. Chemokines are known for their function in inflammatory and immunological responses. This family C chemokines differs in structure and function from most chemokines.
CXCL10 is secreted by several cell types in response to IFN-γ.These cell types include monocytes, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. [5] CXCL10 has been attributed to several roles, such as chemoattraction for monocytes/macrophages, T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells, promotion of T cell adhesion to endothelial cells, antitumor activity, and inhibition of bone marrow colony formation and ...
CCL2 is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine family. CCL2 tightly regulates cellular mechanics [5] and thereby recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection. [6] [7]
RPE cells are ideal cytokine delivery systems because they are nontumorigenic, display contact inhibition, are amenable to genetic modification, have bene previously used in human trials for therapeutic delivery systems, and are safe to use. [3] RPE cells engineered to produce different cytokines were encapsulated in alginate-based microparticles.
Oncostatin M, also known as OSM, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OSM gene. [5] OSM is a pleiotropic cytokine that belongs to the interleukin 6 group of cytokines. [6] Of these cytokines it most closely resembles leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in both structure and function. [6]
CX3CL1 elicits its adhesive and migratory functions by interacting with the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. [7] Its gene is located on human chromosome 16 along with some CC chemokines known as CCL17 and CCL22. [6] [8] Fractalkine is found commonly throughout the brain, particularly in neural cells, and its receptor is known to be present on ...