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Saltwater is 0.444 psi/ft (2.5% higher than fresh water but this not general and depends on salt concentration in water) Pore pressure in the rock could be as high as 1.0 psi/ft of depth (19.25 lb/gal) A well with 5,000 feet of seawater and 15,000 feet of rock could have an overburden pressures at the bottom as high as 17,220 psi (5000 * 0.444 ...
Converts measurements to other units. Template parameters [Edit template data] This template prefers inline formatting of parameters. Parameter Description Type Status Value 1 The value to convert. Number required From unit 2 The unit for the provided value. Suggested values km2 m2 cm2 mm2 ha sqmi acre sqyd sqft sqin km m cm mm mi yd ft in kg g mg lb oz m/s km/h mph K C F m3 cm3 mm3 L mL cuft ...
For example, if a unit has the symbol "imp gal", and if the link is @[[Gallon]], then if the symbol is linked, it would appear as "imp gal" ("imp" and "gal" link two different articles). The Links section defines exceptions for unit codes with an SI prefix, where the linked article is different from that of the base unit.
In the oil industry, estimated pore pressure is measured in pounds per square inch (psi), but is converted to equivalent mud weight and measured in pounds per gallon (lb/gal) to more easily determine the amount of mud weight required to prevent the fluid or gas from escaping and causing a blowout or wellbore failure.
Feet of water is an alternative way to specify pressure as height of a water column; it is conventionally equated to 2,989.067 pascals (0.4335275 psi). [ 3 ] In North America , air and other industrial gases are often measured in inches of water when at low pressure.
For example, a bicycle tire pumped up to 65 psig in a local atmospheric pressure at sea level (14.7 psi) will have a pressure of 79.7 psia (14.7 psi + 65 psi). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] When gauge pressure is referenced to something other than ambient atmospheric pressure, then the unit is pound per square inch differential ( psid ).
In petroleum geology and the petrochemical sciences pertaining to oil wells, and more specifically within hydrostatics, pressure gradients refer to the gradient of vertical pressure in a column of fluid within a wellbore and are generally expressed in pounds per square inch per foot (psi/ft). This column of fluid is subject to the compound ...
[4] [5] The unit used in the US is the foot sea water (fsw), based on standard gravity and a sea-water density of 64 lb/ft 3. According to the US Navy Diving Manual, one fsw equals 0.30643 msw, 0.030 643 bar, or 0.444 44 psi, [4] [5] though elsewhere it states that 33 fsw is 14.7 psi (one atmosphere), which gives one fsw equal to about 0.445 ...