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  2. University of Paris - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Paris

    In 1150, the future University of Paris was a student-teacher corporation operating as an annex of the cathedral school of Paris.The earliest historical reference to it is found in Matthew Paris's reference to the studies of his own teacher (an abbot of St Albans) and his acceptance into "the fellowship of the elect Masters" there in about 1170, [7] and it is known that Lotario dei Conti di ...

  3. History of European universities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_European...

    In the 19th and 20th centuries, European universities concentrated upon science and research, their structures and philosophies having shaped the contemporary university. The French Ecole Polytechnique was established in 1794 by the mathematician Gaspard Monge during the Revolution, and it became a military academy under Napoleon I in 1804.

  4. French Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution

    The French Revolution (French: Révolution française [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz]) was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.

  5. List of political groups in the French Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_groups...

    Maximilien Robespierre, Georges Danton and Jean-Paul Marat in a portrait by Alfred Loudet, 1882 (Musée de la Révolution française) During the French Revolution (1789–1799), multiple differing political groups, clubs, organizations, and militias arose, which could often be further subdivided into rival factions. Every group had its own ideas about what the goals of the Revolution were and ...

  6. History of Spain (1700–1808) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Spain_(1700–1808)

    In 1808, Spain and France agreed to the partition of Portugal, which had renewed its support of the British after Trafalgar. The French and Spanish quickly occupied the country. Prince Ferdinand traveled to France, and rumors spread that he was asking for Napoleon to oust Godoy from power; the Spanish King sided with his favorite.

  7. Ancien régime - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancien_régime

    ' old rule ') was the political and social system of the Kingdom of France that the French Revolution overturned [1] through its abolition in 1790 of the feudal system of the French nobility [2] and in 1792 through its execution of the king and declaration of a republic. [3] "Ancien régime" is now a common metaphor for "a system or mode no ...

  8. Influence of the French Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influence_of_the_French...

    The French Revolution had a major impact on Europe and the New World. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most important events in European history. [1] [2] [3] In the short-term, France lost thousands of its countrymen in the form of émigrés, or emigrants who wished to escape political tensions and save their lives.

  9. Peace of Basel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Basel

    In the second treaty, on 22 July, Spain ceded the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo to France in exchange for keeping Gipuzkoa.The French also came at night to sign the peace treaty between France and Spain in which Spain was represented by Domingo d'Yriarte, who signed the treaty in the mansion of Ochs, the Holsteinerhof.