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Quinine is also used as an ingredient in tonic water and other beverages to impart a bitter taste. [8] Common side effects include headache, ringing in the ears, vision issues, and sweating. [5] More severe side effects include deafness, low blood platelets, and an irregular heartbeat. [5] Use can make one more prone to sunburn. [5]
Tonic water is a carbonated soda water with dissolved quinine. It has similarities to club soda, as well as some key differences.
In the United States, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limits the quinine content in tonic water to 83 ppm [8] (83 mg per liter), while the daily therapeutic dose of quinine is in the range of 500–1000 mg, [9] and 10 mg/kg every eight hours for effective malaria prevention (2,100 mg daily for a 70-kilogram (150 lb) adult). [10]
Cinchonism is a pathological condition caused by an overdose of quinine or its natural source, cinchona bark. Quinine and its derivatives are used medically to treat malaria and lupus erythematosus. In much smaller amounts, quinine is an ingredient of tonic drinks, acting as a bittering agent. Cinchonism can occur from therapeutic doses of ...
Its signature taste is a result of inherently bitter lemon pith being reinforced by the bitter alkaloid quinine. The principal difference between tonic water and bitter lemon is the lemon juice, pith, and peel. The juice adds sour, offset by additional sweetener, and the oily peel fragrance. The generic bitter lemon drink dates back to 1834. [1]
Tonic (physiology), the response of a muscle fiber or nerve ending typified by slow, continuous action; Tonic syllable, the stressed syllable of a word; Herbal tonic, a herbal medicine with tonic effects; Tonic (music), the tonal center of a musical scale; Tonic (band), an American rock band; Tonic (Tonic album), 2010
Priestley published a pamphlet on "Impregnating Water with Fixed Air" (1772), and sold the rights for his process to Jacob Schweppe in 1783, who developed a profitable business of "tonic water". However, the quinine article states that "tonic water" has existed since ancient times (i.e., that Peruvians used cinchona-bark tea to avoid shivering ...
Quinine is effective, but not recommended because of the potential for serious side effects. [2] Calcium channel blockers may be effective, although the evidence for their use is weak. [2] There is little evidence supporting other therapies. [2]