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[9] [3] Psychotherapy may improve outcomes. [3] Evidence for acupressure is poor. [3] While vomiting in pregnancy has been described as early as 2,000 BCE, the first clear medical description of HG was in 1852, by Paul Antoine Dubois. [12] HG is estimated to affect 0.3–2.0% of pregnant women, although some sources say the figure can be as ...
Contamination with - or excessive exposure to - certain chemicals including: nerve agents, (e.g., sarin, VX, Novichok agents). organophosphorus insecticides (e.g., parathion, aldicarb) nicotine poisoning can be thought of as a subset of cholinergic crisis, as it also involves excessive parasympathetic stimulation. [5]
A review of systems (ROS), also called a systems enquiry or systems review, is a technique used by healthcare providers for eliciting a medical history from a patient. It is often structured as a component of an admission note covering the organ systems, with a focus upon the subjective symptoms perceived by the patient (as opposed to the objective signs perceived by the clinician).
The vomiting act encompasses three types of outputs initiated by the chemoreceptor trigger zone: Motor, parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), and sympathetic nervous system (SNS). They are as follows: Increased salivation to protect tooth enamel from stomach acids. [12] (Excessive vomiting leads to dental erosion.) This is part of the PNS output.
Hematemesis is the vomiting of blood. [1] This is usually vomit that contains bright red blood. [2] Coffee ground vomiting is similar to hematemesis, but is distinct in not involving bright red blood. [3] Hematemesis must be differentiated from hemoptysis (coughing up blood) and epistaxis (nosebleed). [4] Both of these are more common conditions.
Achlorhydria is present in about 2.5% of the population under 60 years old and about 5% of the population over 60 years old. [5] The incidence increases to around 12% in populations over 80 years old. An absence of hydrochloric acid increases with advancing age. A lack of hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach is one of the most common age ...
Recovery phase is typically the phase where vomiting ceases, nausea diminishes or is absent, and appetite returns. "Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a rare abnormality of the neuroendocrine system that affects 2% of children." [1] This disorder is thought to be closely related to migraines and family history of migraines. [2] [3]
Esophagitis, esophageal varices, gastritis, cirrhosis or gastric ulcers for example, may bleed and produce coffee-ground vomitus. When unaccompanied by melena, hematemesis or a fall in hemoglobin with corresponding urea rises and creates an unstable reaction, and other causes of coffee ground vomitus need to be elucidated; for example, gastric stasis, bowel obstruction or ileus, that can cause ...