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  2. Paradiso (Dante) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradiso_(Dante)

    The nine spheres are concentric, as in the standard medieval geocentric model of cosmology, [1] which was derived from Ptolemy. The Empyrean is non-material. As with his Purgatory, the structure of Dante's Heaven is therefore of the form 9+1=10, with one of the ten regions different in nature from the other nine.

  3. Seven heavens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Heavens

    [6]: 203 The planet Venus was believed to be Inanna, the goddess of love, sex, and war. [9]: 108–109 [6]: 203 The Sun was her brother Utu, the god of justice, [6]: 203 and the Moon was their father Nanna. [6]: 203 Ordinary mortals could not go to the heavens because it was the abode of the gods alone. [10]

  4. Astral plane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astral_plane

    It is the world of the celestial spheres, crossed by the soul in its astral body on the way to being born and after death, and is generally believed to be populated by angels, spirits or other immaterial beings. [2] In the late 19th and early 20th century the term was popularised by Theosophy and neo-Rosicrucianism.

  5. Ogdoad (Gnosticism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogdoad_(Gnosticism)

    The ancient astronomy taught that above the seven planetary spheres was an eighth, the sphere of the fixed stars (Clem. Alex. Strom. iv. 25 , xxv. p. 636: see also his quotation, v. 11 , p. 692, of a mention of the fifth heaven in apocryphal writings ascribed to Zephaniah ).

  6. Plane (esotericism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_(esotericism)

    In esoteric cosmology, a plane is conceived as a subtle state, level, or region of reality, each plane corresponding to some type, kind, or category of being.. The concept may be found in religious and esoteric teachings which propound the idea of a whole series of subtle planes or worlds or dimensions which, from a center, interpenetrate themselves and the physical planet in which we live ...

  7. Biblical cosmology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_cosmology

    Two different models of the process of creation existed in ancient Israel. [15] In the "logos" (speech) model, God speaks and shapes unresisting dormant matter into effective existence and order (Psalm 33: "By the word of YHWH the heavens were made, and by the breath of his mouth all their hosts; he gathers up the waters like a mound, stores the Deep in vaults"); in the second, or "agon ...

  8. Sublunary sphere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublunary_sphere

    [1] [2] The sublunary sphere was the realm of changing nature. Beginning with the Moon, up to the limits of the universe, everything (to classical astronomy) was permanent, regular and unchanging—the region of aether where the planets and stars are located. Only in the sublunary sphere did the powers of physics hold sway. [3]

  9. Geocentric model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geocentric_model

    (The number is so high because several spheres are needed for each planet.) These spheres, known as crystalline spheres, all moved at different uniform speeds to create the revolution of bodies around the Earth. They were composed of an incorruptible substance called aether.