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The voluntary hospital movement began in the early 18th century, with hospitals being founded in London by the 1710s and 20s, including Westminster Hospital (1719) promoted by the private bank C. Hoare & Co and Guy's Hospital (1724) funded from the bequest of the wealthy merchant, Thomas Guy. Other hospitals sprang up in London and other ...
Socio-architecture is a phrase coined by psychologist Humphry Osmond and Canadian architect Kyo Izumi as part of their research for the best architectural form for Osmond's Weyburn Mental Hospital in 1951.
Thomas Story Kirkbride, creator of the Kirkbride Plan. The establishment of state mental hospitals in the U.S. is partly due to reformer Dorothea Dix, who testified to the New Jersey legislature in 1844, vividly describing the state's treatment of lunatics; they were being housed in county jails, private homes, and the basements of public buildings.
A district hospital typically is the major health care facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care, critical care, and long-term care. In California, "district hospital" refers specifically to a class of healthcare facility created shortly after World War II to address a shortage of hospital beds in many local communities.
From there, designs progressed to concepts created by Zeidler Partnership Architects (ZPA); a firm who has completed over 40 healthcare and lab facilities for buildings using an interstitial space design. [3] Today, many firms have drawn inspiration from ZPA and use their concept to develop their own design.
Historians, anthropologists, and architectural historians use the documentation of type as a key to other characteristics in a city, for example, events, political control, or economic changes. As theory tells us, when a type evolves over some time, this is an indication that conditions in the city have changed. [ 9 ]
The first purpose-built asylum in the United Kingdom was Bethel Hospital, Bethel Street in Norwich, Norfolk, England. Founded and built by Mary Chapman (1647–1724), who was the wife of Reverend Samuel Chapman and built wholly at her own expense in 1713. The plan for the building was along an "H" block architectural design style. [9] [10]
The Goddard Laboratories, which are connected to the Richards Laboratories, have a similar appearance. When the University of Pennsylvania decided it needed a new medical research building, the dean of fine arts recommended Louis Kahn, a highly regarded professor of architecture on the faculty there who had been exploring new approaches for modern architecture.