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The sequence of gaps between consecutive prime numbers has a finite lim inf. See Polymath Project#Polymath8 for quantitative results. 2013: Adam Marcus, Daniel Spielman and Nikhil Srivastava: Kadison–Singer problem: functional analysis: The original problem posed by Kadison and Singer was not a conjecture: its authors believed it false.
Goldbach's weak conjecture, every odd number greater than 5 can be expressed as the sum of three primes, is a consequence of Goldbach's conjecture. Ivan Vinogradov proved it for large enough n (Vinogradov's theorem) in 1937, [1] and Harald Helfgott extended this to a full proof of Goldbach's weak conjecture in 2013. [2] [3] [4]
Euclid's Elements was read by anyone who was considered educated in the West until the middle of the 20th century. [10] In addition to theorems of geometry, such as the Pythagorean theorem, the Elements also covers number theory, including a proof that the square root of two is irrational and a proof that there are infinitely many prime numbers.
If a mathematical statement has yet to be proven (or disproven), it is termed a conjecture. Through a series of rigorous arguments employing deductive reasoning, a statement that is proven to be true becomes a theorem. A specialized theorem that is mainly used to prove another theorem is called a lemma.
Then E. T. Parker found a counterexample of order 10 using a one-hour computer search. Finally Parker, Bose, and Shrikhande showed this conjecture to be false for all n ≥ 10. In 1798 A. M. Legendre claimed that 6 is not the sum of 2 rational cubes, [9] which as Lamé pointed out in 1865 is false as 6 = (37/21) 3 + (17/21) 3.
In mathematics, a conjecture is a conclusion or a proposition that is proffered on a tentative basis without proof. [1] [2] [3] Some conjectures, such as the Riemann hypothesis or Fermat's conjecture (now a theorem, proven in 1995 by Andrew Wiles), have shaped much of mathematical history as new areas of mathematics are developed in order to ...
In mathematical logic, a theory (also called a formal theory) is a set of sentences in a formal language.In most scenarios a deductive system is first understood from context, after which an element of a deductively closed theory is then called a theorem of the theory.
In Bernoulli's own words, the "art of conjecture" is defined in Chapter II of Part IV of his Ars Conjectandi as: The art of measuring, as precisely as possible, probabilities of things, with the goal that we would be able always to choose or follow in our judgments and actions that course, which will have been determined to be better, more ...