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The correct identification of small letters requires the letter size be about 18-30 cpd. [14] Contrast threshold can be defined as the minimum contrast that can be resolved by the patient. Contrast sensitivity is typically expressed as the reciprocal of the threshold contrast for detection of a given pattern (i.e., 1 ÷ contrast threshold). [15]
In the early 20th century, Wilhelm Wundt identified contrast as a fundamental principle of perception, and since then the effect has been confirmed in many different areas. [15] Contrast effects can shape not only visual qualities like color and brightness, but other kinds of perception, including the perception of weight. [16]
Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to be radiating or reflecting light. [1] In other words, brightness is the perception elicited by the luminance of a visual target. The perception is not linear to luminance, and relies on the context of the viewing environment (for example, see White's illusion).
The Chubb illusion is similar to another visual illusion, the contrast effect.The contrast effect is an illusion in which the perceived brightness or luminance of an identical central visual target form on a larger uniform background varies to the test subject depending on the ratio of the central form's luminance to that of its background. [4]
The most vital benefit of binocular vision is stereopsis or depth perception; however, binocular summation does afford some subtle advantages as well. By combining the information received in each eye, binocular summation can improve visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, flicker perception, and brightness perception. [1]
The original Ehrenstein illusion is presented in color to highlight the apparent brightness of the central area. The Ehrenstein illusion is an optical illusion of brightness or color perception. The visual phenomena was studied by the German psychologist Walter H. Ehrenstein (1899–1961) who originally wanted to modify the theory behind the ...
Lightness is a visual perception of the luminance of an object. It is often judged relative to a similarly lit object. It is often judged relative to a similarly lit object. In colorimetry and color appearance models , lightness is a prediction of how an illuminated color will appear to a standard observer.
The "luminance contrast" is the ratio between the higher luminance, L H, and the lower luminance, L L, that define the feature to be detected.This ratio, often called contrast ratio, CR, (actually being a luminance ratio), is often used for high luminances and for specification of the contrast of electronic visual display devices.