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Marble bust of the final Holy Roman Emperor, Francis II, in a style inspired by ancient Roman marble busts. The defining characteristic of the Holy Roman Empire was the idea that the Holy Roman Emperor represented the leading monarch in Europe and that their empire was the one true continuation of the Roman Empire of Antiquity, through proclamation by the popes in Rome.
East Francia (Latin: Francia orientalis) or the Kingdom of the East Franks (Regnum Francorum orientalium) was a successor state of Charlemagne's empire ruled by the Carolingian dynasty until 911. It was created through the Treaty of Verdun (843) which divided the former empire into three kingdoms.
The last titular holder heir to the rank of Eastern Roman emperor, Andreas Palaiologos, sold his imperial title, along with his domains in Morea, [55] to the Catholic Monarchs of Spain (Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile) [56] [57] in his will, written on 7 April 1502, [58] designating them, and their successors (the future ...
These included King Charles the Younger, son of Charlemagne, who received Neustria; King Louis the Pious, who received Aquitaine; and King Pepin, who received Italy. Pepin died with an illegitimate son, Bernard, in 810, and Charles died without heirs in 811. Although Bernard succeeded Pepin as king of Italy, Louis was made co-emperor in 813 ...
Charlemagne's coronation as Roman emperor expressed an idea different from the absolutist ideas of the emperors in the Byzantine Empire. Though the eastern emperor retained control of both the temporal empire and the spiritual church, the rise of a new empire in the west was a collaborative effort, Charlemagne's temporal power had been won ...
The throne of Charlemagne (Karlsthron) in Aachen, Germany, where Charles V wore the Imperial regalia and swore his oath as Holy Roman Emperor. On 26 October 1520, Charles V was crowned King in Germany at the Palatine Chapel of Aachen Cathedral and swore his oath as Holy Roman Emperor.
In 774, as Charlemagne was besieging Pavia, capital of the Lombard Kingdom, he sent for Hildegard and his sons to join the army at the camp outside the city. [1] Charlemagne conquered the city by June 774, becoming king of the Lombards in addition to being king of the Franks. [2] Charlemagne and his family returned north to Francia by July or ...
Only after Charlemagne's marriage to Hildegard, and the birth of new male heirs like Charles the Younger (772) and Carloman (773), did Pepin's position seem to become more precarious. In either 780 or 781, Charles had the young Carloman baptized by Pope Hadrian in Rome, renaming him Pepin. [ 2 ]