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Channel modulators can act as either blockers or openers of these channels, and can either directly or indirectly modulate ion channels. Ion channel modulation is of great significance in drug development, as ion channel modulators can be used to treat a wide variety of medical conditions, including diabetes and hypertension. [19]
Ion channels are typically categorised by gating mechanism and by the ion they conduct. Note that an ion channel may overlap between different categories. Some channels conduct multiple ion currents and some are gated by multiple mechanisms. Examples of targets for modulators include: Voltage-gated ion channels. Calcium channel: see also ...
The definition is context-dependent, and can refer to the biological target of a pharmacologically active drug compound, the receptor target of a hormone (like insulin), or some other target of an external stimulus. Biological targets are most commonly proteins such as enzymes, ion channels, and receptors.
In the search for new drugs, ion channels are a frequent target. [8] [9] [10] Diversity. There are over 300 types of ion channels just in the cells of the inner ear. [11]
A channel blocker is the biological mechanism in which a particular molecule is used to prevent the opening of ion channels in order to produce a physiological response in a cell. Channel blocking is conducted by different types of molecules, such as cations, anions, amino acids, and other chemicals.
Sodium channel blockers are also used as local anesthetics and anticonvulsants. [5] Sodium channel blockers have been proposed for use in the treatment of cystic fibrosis, [6] but current evidence is mixed. [7] It has been suggested that the analgesic effects of some antidepressants may be mediated in part via sodium channel blockade. [8]
Ion channels located on the surface membrane of the neuron allows for an influx of sodium ions and outward movement of potassium ions during an action potential. Selectively blocking these ion channels will decrease the likelihood of an action potential to occur. The drug riluzole is a neuroprotective drug that blocks sodium ion channels. Since ...
Class 0: ion channels involved in automaticity; Class V: mechanically sensitive ion channels; Class VI: connexins controlling electrotonic cell coupling; Class VII: molecules underlying longer term signalling processes affecting structural remodeling. It also allows for multiple drug targets/actions and adverse pro-arrhythmic effects.