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The male infertility crisis is an increase in male infertility since the mid-1970s. [91] The issue attracted media attention after a 2017 meta-analysis found that sperm counts in Western countries had declined by 52.4 percent between 1973 and 2011.
XX male syndrome, also known as de la Chapelle syndrome, is a rare intersex condition in which an individual with a 46,XX karyotype develops a male phenotype. [2] Synonyms for XX male syndrome include 46,XX testicular difference of sex development (or 46,XX DSD) [3] [4] [5] [6]
The conversation around male infertility can be transformed with emotional support and education, making it a subject openly discussed rather than whispered about. What a urologist wants you to ...
The rate of Klinefelter syndrome among infertile males is 3.1%. The syndrome is the main cause of male hypogonadism. [67] One survey in the United Kingdom found that the majority of people with KS identify as male, however, a significant number have a different gender identity. [68] The prevalence of KS is higher than expected in transgender ...
[2] [3] [4] If left untreated, people will have poorly defined secondary sexual characteristics, show signs of hypogonadism, almost invariably are infertile and are at increased risk of developing osteoporosis. [2] A range of other physical symptoms affecting the face, hands and skeletal system can also occur. [3]
The main cause of male infertility is low semen quality. In men who have the necessary reproductive organs to procreate, infertility can be caused by low sperm count due to endocrine problems, drugs, radiation, or infection. There may be testicular malformations, hormone imbalance, or blockage of the man's duct system.
The cause of the condition lies in conception or utero with the aggregation of two distinct zygotes or blastocysts (one of which expresses 46,XX and the other of which expresses 46,XY) into a single embryo, [4] which subsequently leads to the development of a single individual with two distinct cell lines, instead of a pair of fraternal twins.
Persons with a complete androgen insensitivity have a typical female external phenotype, despite having a 46,XY karyotype. [16] [17]Individuals with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (grades 6 and 7 on the Quigley scale) are born with an external female phenotype, without any signs of genital masculinization, despite having a 46,XY karyotype. [18]