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The P2RY1 receptor is responsible for shape change in platelets, increased intracellular calcium levels and transient platelet aggregation, while the P2Y12 receptor is responsible for sustained platelet aggregation through the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and a corresponding decrease in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels.
Adenosine is a key factor in regulating the body's sleep-wake cycle. [39] Adenosine levels rise during periods of wakefulness and lowers during sleep. Higher adenosine levels correlate with a stronger feeling of sleepiness, also known as sleep drive or sleep pressure. [40]
The protein product of this gene, adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2), is an extracellular enzyme that breaks down adenosine and may also serve as a growth factor. Pathogenic mutations decrease this enzymatic activity in patient blood, leading to disease manifestations. However, mutational status and residual enzyme activity levels do not explicitly ...
In addition, ectonucleotidases generate extracellular adenosine, which abrogates nucleotide-mediated effects and activates adenosine receptors, often with opposing ...
Adenosine deaminase (also known as adenosine aminohydrolase, or ADA) is an enzyme (EC 3.5.4.4) involved in purine metabolism. It is needed for the breakdown of adenosine from food and for the turnover of nucleic acids in tissues. Its primary function in humans is the development and maintenance of the immune system. [5]
The binding of adenosine to the A 1 receptor causes a complex signal cascade involving the G i subunit deactivating Ac, thus reducing cAMP and the G o subunit activating PLC, IP3 and DAG. [14] The IP3 causes the release of intracellular calcium, which spreads to neighbouring cells via gap junctions creating a "TGF calcium wave". [ 10 ]
cAMP represented in three ways Adenosine triphosphate. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger, or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes. cAMP is a derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms ...
This gene encodes adenosine kinase, an abundant enzyme in mammalian tissues.The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phosphate from ATP to adenosine, thereby serving as a regulator of concentrations of both extracellular adenosine and intracellular adenine nucleotides.