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  2. Vector notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_notation

    Using the algebraic properties of subtraction and division, along with scalar multiplication, it is also possible to “subtract” two vectors and “divide” a vector by a scalar. Vector subtraction is performed by adding the scalar multiple of −1 with the second vector operand to the first vector operand. This can be represented by the ...

  3. Classical Hamiltonian quaternions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Hamiltonian...

    Vectors and scalars can be added. When a vector is added to a scalar, a completely different entity, a quaternion is created. A vector plus a scalar is always a quaternion even if the scalar is zero. If the scalar added to the vector is zero then the new quaternion produced is called a right quaternion. It has an angle characteristic of 90 degrees.

  4. Scalar multiplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar_multiplication

    Scalar multiplication of a vector by a factor of 3 stretches the vector out. The scalar multiplications −a and 2a of a vector a. In mathematics, scalar multiplication is one of the basic operations defining a vector space in linear algebra [1] [2] [3] (or more generally, a module in abstract algebra [4] [5]).

  5. Quaternions and spatial rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternions_and_spatial...

    3D visualization of a sphere and a rotation about an Euler axis (^) by an angle of In 3-dimensional space, according to Euler's rotation theorem, any rotation or sequence of rotations of a rigid body or coordinate system about a fixed point is equivalent to a single rotation by a given angle about a fixed axis (called the Euler axis) that runs through the fixed point. [6]

  6. Examples of vector spaces - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Examples_of_vector_spaces

    Both vector addition and scalar multiplication are trivial. A basis for this vector space is the empty set, so that {0} is the 0-dimensional vector space over F. Every vector space over F contains a subspace isomorphic to this one. The zero vector space is conceptually different from the null space of a linear operator L, which is the kernel of L.

  7. Vector multiplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_multiplication

    In mathematics, vector multiplication may refer to one of several operations between two (or more) vectors. It may concern any of the following articles: Dot product – also known as the "scalar product", a binary operation that takes two vectors and returns a scalar quantity. The dot product of two vectors can be defined as the product of the ...

  8. Scalar (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar_(mathematics)

    A scalar is an element of a field which is used to define a vector space.In linear algebra, real numbers or generally elements of a field are called scalars and relate to vectors in an associated vector space through the operation of scalar multiplication (defined in the vector space), in which a vector can be multiplied by a scalar in the defined way to produce another vector.

  9. Euclidean vector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_vector

    The zero vector is the vector with length zero. Written out in coordinates, the vector is (0, 0, 0), and it is commonly denoted , 0, or simply 0. Unlike any other vector, it has an arbitrary or indeterminate direction, and cannot be normalized (that is, there is no unit vector that is a multiple of the zero vector).