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The mechanism of a flushing trough: pulling the flush chain (1) rocks the flush lever (2) and lifts the siphon plate (3), forcing water over the top of the siphon (4) and starting the flush. Water is sucked through a connecting pipe (5) from the timing box (6) and air enters the timing bottle through the vent pipe (7) until the box is empty and ...
In the 1990s, manufacturers introduced low-flow toilets in a bid to conserve water. However, they don’t always have the flushing pressure capacity to push the materials through the trap and drain.
Generally, a toilet outlet has the shortest trap seal, making it most vulnerable to being emptied by induced siphonage. An additional risk of pressurizing a system ahead of a waste stream is the potential for it to overwhelm a downstream trap and force tainted water into its fixture. Serious hygiene and health consequences can result.
If the water flow velocity is below the rising velocity of air bubbles, then water trickles down to the low point Lo2 and traps the remaining air between Hi1 and Lo2. As more water flows down, the upward leg Lo2 to Hi2 fills up. This exerts a pressure on the trapped air of either H2 m of water (WG = water gauge) or H1, whichever is less.
A narrow passageway leads from the main water supply into the pressure chamber. It is the narrowness of this passage that meters the flow by slowing repressurizing of the pressure chamber after the action of a flush. The diaphragm technology allows the flush valve to open and let water into the bowl. A main cylinder valve operates up and down.
Backflow is a term in plumbing for an unwanted flow of water in the reverse direction. [1] It can be a serious health risk for the contamination of potable water supplies with foul water . In the most obvious case, a toilet flush cistern and its water supply must be isolated from the toilet bowl.